The Sun is the central star around which the bodies of a planetary system orbit. It is an active star, radiating light and heat from its internal core in constant activity. As the main source of energy, it structures the cycles, climates, and orbits of all bodies bound to it by gravity.
Its light, emitted in a continuous spectrum dominated by visible radiation, illuminates solid surfaces and sustains atmospheric and biological processes on worlds that receive its energy. This emission originates from internal reactions that transform matter into energy, maintaining a stable balance between internal pressure and gravitational force.
The Sun consists of concentric layers: an active central region where energy is produced, a radiative zone where it migrates outward, and a visible surface from which light escapes. Beyond that, diffuse layers form a vast envelope crossed by streams of fast particles that interact with the surrounding space.
Its magnetic field, structured and variable, generates dynamic phenomena: dark sunspots, plasma loops, flares, and intensity variations. These manifestations, often invisible from other worlds, deeply affect the spatial environment and the structure of the solar wind.
The Sun is an organizing center, not only gravitational but also thermal and electromagnetic. It influences planetary motions, the distribution of seasons, the chemistry of atmospheres, and the energetic state of interplanetary space. It acts on long, cyclical, and progressive timescales, shaping the evolution of the entire system.